Operations & Word Problems

Depth · one concept from first principles · step 2 of 4

A misread answer still fits the untouched equation

Emma and Noah each solved the system of equations ax+y=−1ax+y=-1, 2x−by=32x-by=3. Emma misread the constant aa and got x=3x=3, y=−3y=-3. Noah misread the constant bb and got x=1x=1, y=2y=2. Find the solution of the original system.

Expressions
Your answer
How to solve
Strategy Change Focus / Count the Complement — Change focus from what went wrong to what each student got right. Emma copied the second equation correctly, so her answer satisfies it; Noah copied the first equation correctly, so his answer satisfies that one. Each fact pins down one constant, and then the real system is ordinary algebra.
1STEP 1

Use Emma's answer in the equation she copied correctly

Emma's mistake was in a, which appears only in the first equation. Her pair x=3, y=-3 therefore satisfies the second equation, 2x-by=3.

2 × 3 - b × (-3) = 3 → 6 + 3b = 3 → b = -1
2STEP 2

Use Noah's answer in the equation he copied correctly

Noah misread b, so the first equation ax+y=-1 was copied correctly, and x=1, y=2 satisfies it.

a × 1 + 2 = -1 → a = -3
3STEP 3

Write the true system and eliminate y

With a=-3 and b=-1 the system is -3x+y=-1 and 2x+y=3. Subtracting the first from the second removes y.

(2x+y)-(-3x+y) = 3-(-1) → 5x = 4 → x = 4/5
4STEP 4

Find y

Substitute x=4/5 into 2x+y=3.

y = 3 - 2 × 4/5 = 15/5 - 8/5 = 7/5
Answer
x=4/5, y=7/5
Check both original equations: -3 × 4/5 + 7/5 = -12/5 + 7/5 = -1 and 2 × 4/5 + 7/5 = 8/5 + 7/5 = 3. Both hold.
Takeaway

A misread constant only spoils its own equation, so a wrong answer still tells you something true about the other one.

  • Use Emma's answer in the equation she copied correctly
  • Use Noah's answer in the equation he copied correctly
  • Write the true system and eliminate y
  • Find y
Where next?
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